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Design of Dynamic Longmen Double Axle Group CNC Machine Tool
1 Machine Tool Electric Control System This article describes the dynamic gantry, twin-spindle, dual-axis group of CNC machine tools mainly by the machine operator panel (including the display), X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2 six linear axes (where X1, X2 It is composed of auxiliary functions such as hydraulic, lubrication, and cooling system for gantry synchronous shaft, double spindle and machine tool. The electrical system of the machine tool includes a digital control system (CNC), a servo drive system, a spindle frequency conversion speed control system, and a machine tool input/output PLC control system. The CNC system mainly completes the man-machine dialogue operation and the control of 6 coordinate axes, 2 spindles and machine tool auxiliary devices. The axis of the machine tool adopts Japan's Yaskawa Corporation's series of servo drive systems and servo motors. The spindle frequency conversion speed control system uses Japan's Yaskawa Corporation's 626MC5 series of drives and dedicated spindle frequency control motors. Due to the number of control axes of the machine tool and the requirements of the multi-axis group, the CNC system adopts the French NUM1060 II digital control system. 2 The NUM1060II numerical control system NUM1060 is the most advanced numerical control system of NUM Corporation, and it is also one of the most advanced systems in the world. The system has powerful features and a friendly interface. The NUM1060II digital control system can control 8 axes. Four-axis linkage is the basic configuration. The graphics function in the system manages the CNC panel display and the keyboard. The memory is used to store operating programs, PLC programs, and user files. Also provides two communication interfaces and RS232, RS485, RS422 communication options. In addition, it also has a powerful network function that reserves a network interface for users. This machine uses many powerful features of NUM1060. Multi-axis group function The machine has two spindles, and two spindles can be cut at the same time. This requires the system to have a dual-axis group function. The advantage of the control of the dual axis group is that the system has two internal channels. Each channel has a relatively independent PLC, NC information exchange area, M code, T code, and PLC variables and flags. The system can be switched between the common axis group mode and the independent axis group mode. When the system is operating in a common axis group, the two axis groups have the same mode of operation. When the system is working in an independent axis group, the two axis groups can have different working modes and can operate independently. The machine places X1, Y1, Z1, X2 in axis group 1, Y2, Z2 in axis group 2, and the two spindles of the machine are assigned to different axis groups. In different axis groups, two spindles can work at their own speed and direction simultaneously or individually, and the number of linkage axes given by the system can be realized in each axis group. Gantry synchronizing function The machine is a moving gantry structure with a large span, so it uses a double drive method, which requires the two servo motors to keep synchronized. The axis synchronization function of the NUM CNC system is used to drive the two motors with two axes, and NC software is used to ensure that they have the same acceleration, velocity loop, and position loop. 3 The NUM1060 CNC system's PLC NUM1060 system is a built-in PLC. It uses the input/output interface provided by the NUM system to exchange data with the outside world. The data in the storage area is refreshed through the PLC scan cycle. The PLC reads the outside world data through the %I variable. , and the PLC output data to the outside world is through the %Q variable. The data is exchanged between the built-in PLC and the NC through the exchange area. The contents in the exchange area are input/output data between the NC and the PLC. The programming of PLC program in NUM numerical control system adopts ladder diagram form, which is a combination of ladder diagram language and statement statement language (that is, statement statement instructions can be directly written on ladder diagrams without mutual conversion between ladder diagram and statement statement). Its structure is a multi-tasking method, especially suitable for PLC more complex procedures. NUM provides powerful PLC instructions and PLC programs can be dynamically displayed on the screen. Through the PLCTOOL software that can run under the WINDOWS system, the program compiled on the PC can be transferred with the NC and realized on-line monitoring. Note: PLC variables involved in dual-axis group functions: %W2.2 Switch between common axis group and independent axis group %W17.B Axis group selection to display the corresponding axis group data %Wg03.B Independent axis group operation mode selection (g =1～8 is the axis group number, the same below) %Wg00.5 M function response signal of axis group g %Wg01.2 Cycle start request of independent axis group g %Wg01.1 Cycle stop request of independent axis group g %Wg02 .G feed override % of axis group g %Wg1E.W Group of axes g Function code of the requested response %Wg7C.L Tool number of axis group g Synchronous axis function PLC variable involved: %W4.4 Axis synchronization signal 4 The parameters of the NUM1060 parameter settings can be divided into hexadecimal, thirty binary, and decimal according to the data type. According to the function, it can be divided into axis configuration, measurement parameter setting, servo control parameter setting, stroke setting, spindle parameter setting, auxiliary function parameter, communication parameter setting, DISC axis parameter setting a total of 8 aspect. When parameters are set, it is very convenient and flexible to use these several aspects to set up. It is easy to learn and use. Note: Parameters related to the functions of the dual axis group: P97 System axis group number, this parameter defines the axis of the numerical control system's axis group P0 is displayed. This parameter defines the axis P2 measurement axis of the CNC system. This parameter defines the CNC system measurement. Axis P3 Servo Axis and Interpolation Axis. This parameter defines the machine configuration of the CNC system servo axis and interpolation axis P5 Axis group. This parameter defines the axis group machine type P9 axis assigned to the axis group. This parameter is used to associate the axis name with The actual address is related to the relevant parameters of the synchronous axis function: P27 Two-axis association definition. This parameter is used to assign a follower axis to the associated enable of the corresponding drive axis P28 synchronous axis. This parameter is used to enable the drive axis and from Synchronization of the moving axis P24 The symmetry of the synchronizing axis. This parameter is used to specify the allowable synchronization error, correction factor, and maximum synchronizing error of one axis. By setting the above parameters, the CNC machine tool for this gantry twin-shaft group has basically Has its corresponding function. 5 Points to note when programming the machine part The machining program for the multi-axis group is a combination of programs corresponding to each axis group. Each program has a common basic sequence number, followed by an index number for the specified axis group. The subprograms of the machining program do not need the index number. In addition, there is a special instruction for this machine tool, namely G78 axis group synchronization function, because the synchronization axis is placed in axis group 1, so the synchronization of the axis group must pay attention during the programming process. Example: %8.1 Axis group 1 program number N10... N20... M30... N40 G78 Q1 N50... N60... N70 G78 Q2 P1.2 Waiting for Q1 N80 in %8.2... %8.2 Program number for axis group 2 N10... N20... N30 ... N40 G78 P1.1 Wait for Q1 N50 in %8.1... N60... N70 G78 Q1 N80... N90 G78 P2.1 When flag 1 appears in program %8.1, N40 will run down in %8.2 and %8.2 When the flag 1 appears, the N70 in %8.1 will run down. When %2 appears in %8.1, N90 will run down in %8.2. The main functions and controls of this dynamic gantry twin-axis machine tool are completed by the above aspects, and the processing of the PLC is indispensable for this machine tool. After processing the above parameters and variables, the two-axis group gantry synchronization machine can work normally. This dynamic gantry twin-shaft group has been identified by the relevant departments. Practice shows that the application of the NUM1060 II CNC system on this machine tool is successful. It has a certain reference for the future use of the NUM1000 series CNC system, and it also lays a good foundation for the development of similar CNC machine tools in the future.