Doing Research on the Difference of Soil Moisture Improves Scientific Basis for Field Irrigation

The greatest difficulty in agricultural production in the loess hilly areas is the lack of water. The lack of water directly results in the loss of soil moisture and thus lacks the moisture needed for crop growth. The content of soil moisture is generally measured by instruments such as a soil moisture meter. The soil moisture meter can accurately and quickly measure the content of soil moisture in a certain area.

Spring maize is the main grain crop in the loess hilly region. Because of the lack of precipitation, the contradiction between farmland water supply and demand is very prominent. Because the soil moisture status is closely related to vegetation coverage, on the one hand, soil moisture status affects plant growth. On the other hand, vegetation coverage also affects soil water content and its distribution. Therefore, how to maintain soil moisture is very important in the semi-arid loess hilly region. . For a long time, people have done a lot of research work on the effects of site conditions, land use patterns, and topographic sites on soil moisture. This article focuses on the differences in soil moisture under different vegetation coverage conditions on the same site, and discusses the dynamic characteristics of soil moisture and the effect of different crop conditions on the soil moisture status in the terraced field of loess hills. With a view to achieving scientific and rational terrace soil moisture management in this area, the effective implementation of the project of returning farmland to forests and grasses will help.

According to the measured data, the process of the change of soil moisture profile at the growth stage of maize in the test year was plotted. The six soil moisture curves in Figure 1 represent six measurements for different months. It can be seen that except for the 5cm depth of soil moisture, the soil moisture content varies greatly due to the effects of surface wetness and humidity. 5) The six soil moisture content curves between 16cm soil layers can be broadly divided into 3 groups, centered in April and May. It is right in June and July and left in August and September. This indicates that in the experimental years, the soil moisture content of maize was lower at the initial stage of growth; however, with the onset of the rainy season, the soil moisture content began to rise; but in the late stage of crop growth, the soil moisture content was due to the scarcity of rainwater and the continued strong water consumption. Drop to the lowest value during the year. The soil moisture line is approximately the same at different times below 16cm, which also indicates that the depth of the soil can be less than 3m, say 2m, when the corn field is calculated from formula (1).

Monthly dynamics of soil moisture in corn fields Figure 2 shows the change of water storage capacity in 2 m soil layers of maize and control recreational land. It can be seen that the changes of the two are in line with the distribution of the ten-day rainfall during the year, and can be divided into the first half of July as the boundary. In the two stages, the gradual increase of soil water storage before the rainy season and the decline of water storage after the rainy season. Although the 2m soil layer in the corn field once rose to about 336mm in the rainy season in July, it still decreased from 259mm in mid-April to 174mm in late September in terms of the whole growth period. Although the precipitation in the test year was relatively high, the precipitation reached 491mm by the end of September, but the strong water consumption of corn caused the soil water storage to decrease during the whole growth stage of the corn, and the total growth period was 162mm. However, although the amount of soil water stored in recreational areas declined to some extent after the rainy season, the decline was significantly less than that of corn fields. Due to the September rain, the soil storage in the two countries had a certain rebound in September, and the recovery was similar. Looking at the dynamics of the two, the soil water storage at the end of September in cornfields was 36mm lower than that at the beginning of April, while the leisure area was increased by 65mm.

The distribution of water reserves and profiles in soil reservoirs is the result of a combination of climate, site conditions, and water uptake by the plant roots. Under the same climatic conditions and site types, vegetation types play a decisive role in the influence of soil moisture. Figure 3 shows the soil moisture profiles of corn plots and millet plots before and after crop sowing, as well as in control plots. It can be seen that the effect of different vegetation coverage on terrace soil moisture is quite obvious. For example, the thickness of 3m soil layer was used as the evapotranspiration layer and the evapotranspiration of corn, millet farmland and control recreational land in the test year was calculated using the water balance equation (Formula 1). The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows that if taken at a depth of 3m, the water consumption during the whole growth period of corn is 52.9mm, which is higher than the grain of 473.9mm and the 414.1mm of the fallow. The effects of different vegetation cover conditions on the terrace soil reservoir are enormous.

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