The partition coefficient between the gas phase and the stationary liquid phase is different for each component in the sample. When the vaporized sample is carried into the column by the carrier gas, the component is repeatedly distributed between the two phases. Due to the different adsorption or dissolving ability of the fixed relative to each component, the running speed of each component in the column is different. After a certain column length, they separate from each other and leave the column in sequence to enter the detector. After the ion stream signal is amplified, the chromatogram peaks of each component are plotted on the recorder.

Part of the gas chromatograph (1) Carrier gas system: Including gas source, gas purification, gas flow control and measurement (2) Sample introduction system: Including sample injector and vaporization chamber (instant vaporization of liquid sample into vapor)

(3) Column and column temperature: including thermostatic control device (separate multi-component samples into a single)

(4) Detection system: including detector, temperature control device (5) recording system: including amplifier, recorder, or data processing device, workstation