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Intelligent building lightning protection transformation plan
I. Overview
In recent years, China's social economy, information technology, especially computer network technology has developed rapidly, and urban intelligent buildings are increasing. Lightning strikes cause equipment damage, casualties, and transmission data are disturbed or lost, causing electronic devices to malfunction and temporarily smash or the entire system. The number of pauses is not uncommon, and the damage caused by lightning hazards is also growing. Intelligent building systems contain a large number of electronic devices and computer systems that are generally resistant to low voltage levels, poorly resistant to interference, and susceptible to lightning strikes. Thunderstorms have also brought great security risks to people in intelligent buildings. Therefore, effective measures must be taken to protect them.
Second, the three ways of lightning intrusion
There are three ways for lightning intrusion to damage intelligent buildings: one is direct lightning, that is, the strong heating effect and electric power generated by lightning directly hitting buildings or equipment; the second is the secondary action of lightning, the electrostatic induction of lightning and electricity. Magnetic induction; Third, the role of lightning on overhead lines or metal pipes, the resulting lightning waves may be counter-attacked along these metal conductors, pipes, especially along the antenna or overhead wires to bring high potential into the room.
Third, the lightning level classification of intelligent buildings
Intelligent buildings should be classified into three levels according to their importance, the nature of use, the integration of intelligent subsystems, the possibility and consequences of lightning strikes, and the lightning protection level according to lightning protection requirements:
In any of the following cases, the lightning protection level of intelligent buildings shall be classified as Class I:
1. Configuring intelligent system with high standard and complete Class A intelligent building;
2. Class B intelligent buildings with an average annual lightning density greater than 4.92 in the area where they are located;
3. The building integrates a computer network system, an office automation system, a program-controlled switch system, a security monitoring system, a fire alarm system, a system-level intelligent system, and a large-scale public intelligent building carrying an unstoppable public service system. Damage caused by lightning strikes can cause great damage and social impact, such as large stations, airports, terminals, hospitals, financial centers, large-scale communication hubs, power dispatch centers, etc.;
4. Industrial buildings that pose danger to surrounding things or the environment (used in the production process or the products are inflammable and explosive materials, toxic substances, etc.), which may cause explosion, fire, casualties and environmental pollution due to lightning strikes;
5. Museums, large exhibition halls, etc. with unrecoverable cultural heritage, fires, casualties and incalculable losses due to lightning strikes;
6. Intelligent buildings such as large shopping malls, shopping centers, movie theaters, and gymnasiums with a large number of people will cause great damage and personal injury and death due to lightning strikes; 7, three-star intelligent residential community.
In any of the following cases, the lightning protection level of intelligent buildings shall be classified as Class II:
1. A Class B intelligent building with a basic intelligent system and a strong integrated type;
2. Class C intelligent buildings with an annual average lightning density greater than 4.92 in the area where they are located;
3. Medium-sized public buildings integrated with unstoppable public service systems. The level of integration of intelligent systems in buildings has a certain gap compared with Class I public intelligent buildings, but it is scalable and maintainable due to lightning strikes. The damage and impact caused by it is not as serious as Grade I;
4. Industrial buildings that are dangerous to surrounding things or the environment, such as lightning, fire, casualties and environmental pollution;
5. Intelligent buildings such as medium-sized shopping malls, small and medium-sized theaters, etc., which are not easy to cause huge damage and personal injury due to lightning strikes;
6, two-star intelligent residential community.
In any of the following cases, the lightning protection level of intelligent buildings shall be classified as Level III:
1. Configure some of the main intelligent systems, and have the C-class intelligent buildings needed for development and expansion;
2. Integrate some major intelligent systems, and have small buildings that need to be developed and expanded, which will cause certain damage and impact due to lightning strikes;
3. Other general buildings with certain intelligent systems other than the above-mentioned buildings;
4. One-star and other small intelligent residential quarters.