Flotation is a method of separating the useful components and gangue minerals according to the difference in physicochemical properties of the mineral surface under the agitation and aeration. Because of its high sorting efficiency and recovery rate, it is particularly effective for fine-grained ore, high-quality concentrates can be obtained, and mineral resources can be fully utilized, so it is widely used to treat vein gold ore. However, there are limitations on the classification of high- arsenic and high-sulfur, fine-grained gold, multi-metal gold-bearing ore and oxidized ore with high degree of oxidation.

Today, our substitute teacher, Ai, first talked to you about the process equipment of flotation.

Ai full senior lecturer substitute dry, Shenyang Institute of gold mining Department of mineral graduate, has engaged in gold mining ship and shore beneficiation plant selection, all slime cyanidation - CIP, flotation technology for 31 years. He has published more than 50 papers in provincial and ministerial publications. He won the first, second and third prizes of the scientific and technological progress of the Gold Association, and won the first and third prizes of the technical improvement achievements of Shaanxi workers. Received the industry's "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" and 2016 China Gold Group's advanced technology workers.

The choice of flotation process is related to the nature of the ore and the requirements for the quality of the concentrate. The selection of the number of segments is mainly related to the characteristics of the useful minerals in the ore and the muddy state of the ore during the grinding process. Rough selection is generally one time. The number of selections and sweeps depends mainly on the ore grade, the requirements on the concentrate and the value of the concentrate, the useful minerals and the floatability of the gangue minerals.

The coarse and fine sweeping section of a flotation plant is in the order of 1, 4, and 3: when about 10 g/ton of quartz vein gold ore is selected, the gold concentrate grade is as high as one or two hundred grams per ton, and the sample is found to have a coarsely selected concentrate grade. 60 g / ton, then the pipeline will be partially self-flowing into the concentrate pump pool, the selected operation will be reduced from 4 to 2, and the gold concentrate in the filtered pool will still reach 80 g / ton; when / ton of gold ore altered rock, because it contains 2% -3% of lead, gold concentrate grade of only 10 g / t and more, after the soda pulp pH increase, up to three fifty grams per ton, have used a floating branch In the selection method, the rough selection will be increased from 1 to 3, and the former concentrate will be added to the latter stage. After the selected grade is selected, the selection will be carried out. The gold concentrate grade will rise to more than 25 grams per ton, and the 3 sections of tailings will be selected at the same time. 1 paragraph.

When the ore grade is high, the mineral floatability is poor, and the quality of the concentrate is not very high, the selection operation should be less or even not selected. The sweeping operation should be strengthened to ensure the recovery rate; when the ore grade is low, useful minerals When the floatability is good and the quality of the concentrate is high, the number of selections should be increased. The sweeping time is too short, which will make the easy-to-select gold concentrates not to float up and lose with the tailings. Too long can not reduce the stable tailings grade, which will cause air and fuel consumption. If the selection time is too short, the final concentrate grade will be significantly lower. The export will not be too low or the price will be too low. Too long will increase the grade of gold concentrate, but the output will decrease. It is not necessary after the cancellation of the export fare grade. The tailings are caused to run higher, and the overall benefits are not high.

The selection of flotation equipment is related to factors such as the nature of the ore selected, the performance of the equipment, the scale of the plant, the structure of the plant, the division of the series, and the technical and economic comparison. The quality, price and spare parts supply of the equipment must also be considered. In addition to wear resistance, low energy consumption, and low cost, the flotation equipment that meets the requirements of the flotation process has good aeration and agitation, adjusts the level of slurry and circulation, and can work continuously. The high-concentration multi-selection high-energy mechanical agitation flotation machine, the low-grade sulfide ore floatation uses low-speed inflation to facilitate the sorting effect, and the aerobic flotation that is easy to generate foam has a large amount of aeration. The determination of the number of flotation tanks should be accurately calculated based on the treatment volume, the specific gravity of the ore, the concentration of the slurry, the effective volume of the flotation machine, and the flotation time of the operation. Small and medium-sized plants use mechanical agitation flotation machines, while large-scale plants use deep-channel compressed gas flotation columns. After a 50-ton/day-selective plant has been selected from a BF-2.8 tank to four SF-1.2m3 DC tanks, the equipment utilization rate, concentrate quality and recovery rate have been significantly improved.

It is necessary to grasp the inspection timing to carry out comprehensive inspection and repair on the flotation tank which has problems in the sealing of the inlet and suction system in normal operation, and to add the rubber pad when the contact is not tight, and if necessary, add a pad, a spot welding screw and a nut. The clearance of the impeller cover is mostly 8 mm - 10 mm, and the wear of the slurry pipe impeller plate is severe. Whether the tank system is sealed has a great influence on the level of the slurry and the circulation flow, and also has a direct relationship with the formation of the bottom vacuum and the generation of bubbles in the slurry. Timely repair or replace the problem flotation tank, mixer, scraper and inter-segment piping. The trough leakage should be welded. The aging should be changed frequently. The reversing motor should be phase-modulated. The triangular belt should be tight and the wear should be severe. Including the mixer bearings should be replaced as soon as possible. Equipment inspections are of great benefit. The angle between the scraper groups is a right angle. The scraper shaft and the scraper that are loosely bent and bent are found to be fastened, and the grease is lubricated into the trough. In order to regulate the yield, each group is in the same plane. 2 scrapers, preferably one moving and one static, coarse selection can be added in the vertical plane, changing the speed of the scraper shaft can also regulate the yield. For blocked or cracked inter-segment piping, it is necessary to clear the way in time.

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