"Zero emissions" is generated relative to the traditional definition of emissions. When the engine burns fossil energy (gasoline, diesel, etc.), it emits harmful gases such as CO, HC, and NOx. As a normal combustion product, CO2 is also a kind of greenhouse gas. It is one of the original culprits of global warming. Exhaust emissions from hundreds of millions of vehicles are the major components of greenhouse gas emissions.

The Truth About Engine "Zero Emissions"

For widely used gasoline engines, many effective measures have been found to reduce emissions. However, the principle of the engine's combustion of fossil energy has not changed, and it is impossible to achieve zero emissions. The only way to achieve zero emissions is to use alternative power.

The earliest people focused their attention on electric energy, and the use of electric motor-driven cars would not have emission problems, and the characteristics of the electric motor had already been mastered. This idea is correct, but a simple electric vehicle has a technically difficult difficulty in breaking through, which is the problem of storage of electrical energy. Although the new battery has been reduced in volume and weight, but the performance still can not meet the requirements of the car. And the battery charging time is too long, the energy loss in this process is also very large. Another branch of research is the use of solar cells.

Auto companies have turned their attention to another type of clean energy, hydrogen, when developing zero-emission vehicles. Hydrogen has a high thermal efficiency and the only product after combustion is water without any pollution. At the same time, hydrogen can be obtained by ionized water, and there is a large amount of water on the surface of the earth. Theoretically it is almost inexhaustible, which is a very good alternative fuel for the increasingly scarce oil resources. However, hydrogen also has very obvious disadvantages. It has a very wide range of deflagration, and deflagration occurs at concentrations of 5%-95%. Therefore, the storage and transportation of hydrogen is a difficult point.

In the early days of how to use hydrogen, there were two trends in automobile manufacturers: BMW-based manufacturers were committed to retrofitting existing engines to make them suitable for burning hydrogen. The advantage of this method is that it will not discard the already mature mechanical engine technology and it will be easier to implement. However, this method must rely on combustion of hydrogen to propel the piston, so reliability is difficult to guarantee. There is another way of using hydrogen gas - a fuel cell. A fuel cell using hydrogen as a fuel is called a hydrogen fuel cell (hereinafter, simply referred to as a fuel cell).

The principle of a fuel cell is not complicated. It uses the simple reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. In this reaction, hydrogen will lose electrons to an ionic state. The fuel cell will block electrons through a special ion membrane and only let the ions pass. At this time, the positive and negative electrodes will form in the battery, and the current will be formed by connecting the wires. If the fuel cell is connected to the motor, it can provide energy to drive the motor. The core technology of fuel cells is the ion membrane.

Applying a fuel cell to a car is a fuel cell car. Many major car manufacturers in the world have fuel cell car projects. And almost all manufacturers have one or several generations of fuel cell test models available. But in addition to Honda, these models have not been commercialized. The reason is that fuel cell vehicles are not technically closed. Is this theoretically ideal trend seemingly paralyzed? Let us just give time to prove it.

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