As the heart of electric vehicles , power batteries are receiving more and more attention in a series of policy adjustments faced by the new energy automobile industry. Along with the explosion of new energy vehicle sales, power batteries have been in short supply, which has led to accelerated production capacity, but in terms of capacity density and materials, the progress is not obvious.

This situation may change this year. At the "2017 Electric Vehicle Hundred People's Forum" (hereinafter referred to as the "Hundred People's Forum") held on January 14-15, the Minister of Industry and Information Technology, Miao Wei, said that the "Long-term Development Plan for the Automotive Industry" proposes that the specific energy of the power battery system in 2020 It will reach 260 watt-hours/kg, and the cost will drop to 1 yuan per watt-hour; by 2025, the specific energy of the power battery system will reach 350 watt-hours/kg.

On the one hand, the improvement of specific energy requirements will accelerate technological progress; on the other hand, the power battery industry will start from “stripping capacity” to “skill technology”.

The increase in this standard has also triggered a market reaction. The reporter learned that some companies believe that during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, technology may still be difficult to make breakthroughs in cruising range. Under this circumstance, it is also an idea to let the electric vehicle gradually weaken its dependence on the policy and realize marketization. In addition to increasing the energy density and reducing the cost, it is also an idea to launch different products for different needs.

The cost will be reduced to 1 yuan per watt hour

The data shows that the energy density of the power battery unit has been used up to 220 watt-hours/kg, and the price of the single-cell battery is 1.5 yuan per watt-hour. Compared with 2012, the energy density has increased by 1.7 times and the price has dropped. 60%.

Chen Quanshi, a professor at Tsinghua University, told NBD Motors that it is possible to reduce the cost of single cells to less than one yuan per watt hour in 2020, but it is related to the market price of materials. "By 2020, the cost will not necessarily drop to the level of 1 yuan per watt hour, but the gradual reduction is certain."

Zeng Yiqun, founder of Ningde Times New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., said at the Forum of 100 People, "Batteries have to do a lot of work in reducing costs, improving charging performance, fast charging performance and being safe and reliable. At present, there is still a considerable distance from the target. ”

At this stage, depending on the usage scenarios and needs, to create products with different cruising range, and then promote market-oriented applications, it has become a strategy that many battery companies are trying to adopt.

Zeng Yiqun believes that some consumers only need 100, 200 kilometers of cheap, relatively small electric vehicles, which may promote marketization.

Wan Gang, Minister of Science and Technology, said at the Forum of 100 People, "From the market point of view, the driving range is indeed an important indicator of the advancement of electric vehicle technology, but its realization is not solved by simply increasing the amount of vehicle batteries. With the power consumption The carbon emissions of the entire life cycle brought about by the increase will also increase. Therefore, the length of the development of electric vehicle products must be scientific and rational.

Capacity layout "oversupply"

Last year, affected by the “cheat” incident, the new energy auto industry policy was also constantly adjusted, and the power battery technology indicators began to be linked to the new energy promotion product catalog.

At the Forum of 100 People, Song Qiuling, deputy director of the Department of Economic Construction of the Ministry of Finance, also stressed the policy requirements for batteries. "In passenger cars and special vehicles, the technical indicators of power batteries have been specifically increased, and the subsidies for new energy buses have been adjusted. In order to take the power battery as the core and the battery capacity and battery performance as the standard, the production cost and technical level of the vehicle are more objectively reflected."

Wang Dong, director of the National 863 Electric Vehicle Major Power Battery Test Center, told NBD that the current situation is that the power battery demand is about 40 MWh/year, and the company's production capacity has reached 170 MWh/year.

Although the policy has been adjusted, whether the battery industry can achieve the survival of the fittest in accordance with the original intention of policy formulation remains to be seen. However, from the current situation, technology improvement is a key area for battery companies to accelerate their breakthrough. Wei Wei, vice president of Samsung SDI China, said, “With the 3 ton SUV model as the benchmark, we can achieve 500 km cruising range by 2019, 600 km in 2021, and 700 km by 2025. ."

Overall, due to technical and other factors, there is still uncertainty. Wang Zidong said that the development of new energy is particularly complicated and requires cooperation from all sides.

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