Selection of open slope angle and slope stability monitoring

1 Large-scale open pit mines and medium and small open pit mines with complex engineering geological conditions should determine the possible slip surface of the slip surface and slope according to the engineering geological survey report and the slope stability evaluation report, and determine the stability coefficient K and the final slope. The relationship between the angles α . When necessary, the stability of the slopes of different depths and different parts should be checked according to the lithology, occurrence conditions, geological structure and contour of the slope.
2 The stability coefficient K of the open slope can be selected as shown in the following table .
table   Slope stability coefficient K
Slope type Length of service ( a ) Stability factor K
There are important buildings and structures on the slope >20 >1.4
Non-work side slope <10 1.1 to 1.2
10 to 20 1.2 ~ 1.3
>20 1.3 ~ 1.4
Work to help the slope temporary 1.0 to 1.2

3 The selection of the final slope angle shall comply with the following provisions:
(1) On the basis of determining the failure mode of the slope, the comprehensive evaluation can be carried out by means of graphic analysis method, limit equilibrium method and numerical calculation method; when the conditions of each section are inconsistent, it should be analyzed in sections;
(2) Slope with water pressure, if necessary, slope stability sensitivity analysis with water pressure change;
(3) Slope stability sensitivity analysis of the strength of the weak layer with different water content;
(4) Complicated slopes should be calculated and analyzed for their shape;
(5) For earthquakes with a seismic intensity of six degrees or more, the impact of earthquakes on slope stability should be studied.
(6) Large-scale open pit mines with insufficient depth of engineering geological survey and no slope stability evaluation report, and medium and small open pit mines with complex engineering geological conditions, it is advisable to optimize the design after determining the reasonable slope angle through the special study of slope stability.
4 For the medium and small open pit mines with simple geological conditions, height less than 100m and exposure time less than 15a , the final slope angle can be determined by analogy.
5 Monitoring measures should be taken for open pit slopes. Large-scale open pit mines and medium-sized open pit mines with complicated geological conditions of slope engineering should be combined with the geodetic survey basic control network of the mining area to set up monitoring stations to track and observe.
6 Open-air slope monitoring should include surface deformation monitoring, surface crack displacement monitoring, ground tilt monitoring, slope crack multi-point displacement monitoring, deep slope displacement monitoring, groundwater monitoring, pore water pressure monitoring, slope ground stress monitoring, blasting vibration Measurement and rock fracture monitoring. The main contents and methods of open-air slope stability monitoring can be selected as shown in the following table .

table
  Main contents and methods of open slope slope monitoring
Monitoring content Main monitoring instrument
Displacement monitoring Optical instrument monitoring Total station, theodolite, level, etc.
Drilling extensometer monitoring Parallel extensometer, single-connected extensometer, etc.
Tilt monitoring Vertical drilling inclinometer, horizontal drilling inclinometer, horizontal rod tilting instrument, swashplate,
Overflow water pipe inclinometer, etc.
Crack monitoring One-way seam gauge, three-way seam gauge, rangefinder, etc.
Convergence meter monitoring Band convergence meter, Wire type convergence meter, etc.
Displacement monitoring of brittle materials Mortar strips, glass, plaster, etc.
Satellite positioning system monitoring GPS, etc.
Blasting vibration measurement
Rock mass fracture monitoring
Blasting vibration measurement Seismometer, etc.
Microseismic monitoring Microseismic monitoring system
Acoustic emission monitoring Acoustic emission meter
Water monitoring Rainfall monitoring Rain intensity, rainfall monitor, etc.
Surface water monitoring -
Groundwater monitoring Drilling water level and water pressure monitoring, etc.


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