The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Environmental Protection have issued the “Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Collaborative Development Ecological Environmental Protection Plan” (hereinafter referred to as “Planning”), which clarifies a series of objectives and tasks for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei ecological environment protection in the next few years. According to the plan, by 2020, the total discharge of major pollutants will be greatly reduced. The concentration of PM2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will be reduced by about 40% compared with 2013, and the control will be around 64 μg/m3, which means that the PM2 of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei will be at that time. The .5 concentration level is expected to reach the current level in the Yangtze River Delta region.
2017 PM2.5 concentration control at 73 micrograms
According to the plan, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is the region with the most shortage of water resources, the most serious air pollution and water pollution, and the most acute contradiction between resources, environment and development. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is the region with the most air pollution in China. PM2.5 pollution has become the “heart and lung disease” of the local people and the primary pollutant in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
In this regard, the plan proposes the PM2.5 control target for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to 2020. Specifically, by 2017, the annual average concentration of PM2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should be controlled at around 73 μg/m3; by 2020, the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should be controlled at around 64 μg/m3. The total discharge of major pollutants was greatly reduced, the quality of regional ecological environment was significantly improved, and the regional urban and rural environmental infrastructure system was basically improved.
Urban drinking water sources all meet Class III standards
In addition, the plan also delineates the ecological protection red line, the environmental quality bottom line and the resource consumption ceiling of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and gradually increases the ecological space and improves the environmental quality as the rigid constraints for economic construction and social development. According to the plan, by 2020, the water quality of centralized drinking water sources at the prefecture level and above in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will all meet or exceed Class III, and the compliance rate of important rivers and lakes water function zones will reach 73%. From 2015 to 2020, the growth rate of total energy consumption in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was significantly lower than the national average growth rate, and the total coal consumption continued to achieve negative growth. By 2020, the total water use in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will be controlled at 29.6 billion cubic meters, and the rate of over-exploitation of groundwater will reach more than 75%.
In addition, the plan proposes to implement a number of key projects such as land ecological remediation, clean water, and air pollution control, and effectively transform the demand for treatment into engineering measures to improve the quality of the ecological environment while cultivating new economic growth points.
Key interpretation
At present, PM2.5 is more than 1.5 times that of the Yangtze River Delta.
In 2013, it was the first year of China's implementation of new air quality standards, and it was also the first year of PM2.5 monitoring in various provinces and cities. On March 8, 2014, at the press conference of the National People's Congress, Wu Xiaoqing, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, first announced the PM2.5 concentration levels in the three key areas of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. According to its introduction, in 2013, the average value of PM2.5 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei was 106 μg/m3, 67 μg/m3 in the Yangtze River Delta and 47 μg/m3 in the Pearl River Delta. The air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is the heaviest, and the concentration of PM2.5 is more than 1.5 times that of the Yangtze River Delta.
In September 2013, the State Council issued the “Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan”, namely “Ten Articles of the Atmosphere.” The plan proposes 35 measures in 10 aspects for the prevention and control of air pollution, which is called the most stringent air pollution control policy in history.
“Atmosphere Ten” proposes the concentration control target until 2017, that is, by 2017, the concentration of inhalable particulate matter in prefecture-level and above cities will be more than 10% lower than that in 2012, and fine particulate matter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta regions. The concentration decreased by 25%, 20%, and 15%, respectively. The annual average concentration of fine particulate matter in Beijing was controlled at about 60 μg/m3. But the control objectives for 2020, even longer, are not covered.
2020 to reach the current level of the Yangtze River Delta
The plan proposes that by 2020, the annual average concentration of PM2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will be controlled at around 64 μg/m3. It is understood that monitoring shows that in 2014, the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta region was 60 μg/m3, and the concentration in the Pearl River Delta region was 42 μg/m3. This also means that by 2020, the concentration of PM2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will reach the current level in the Yangtze River Delta region.
Previously, Hao Jiming, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a professor at the Environmental College of Tsinghua University, publicly stated that the China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development was recently commissioned by the Ministry of Environmental Protection to conduct a phased improvement of China's air quality. Hao Jiming pointed out that the control targets of the three key regions of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta have different requirements in 2020: the Pearl River Delta region hopes to meet the requirements of environmental air quality standards, especially PM2.5 meets the requirements; The region hopes to reach the current level of the Pearl River Delta; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei hopes to reach the current level of the Yangtze River Delta. By 2030, the air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will be up to standard, and most cities above the prefecture level in the country will achieve air quality standards.
Hao Jiming pointed out that by 2030, the air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will meet the standards, which means that the emissions of various atmospheric pollutants should be drastically reduced. Among them, sulfur dioxide emissions will be reduced by 59% compared with 2012, nitrogen oxide emissions will be reduced by 71% compared with 2012, PM2.5 emissions will be reduced by 70% compared with 2012, VOC (volatile organic compounds) emissions About 45% less than in 2012.
"Through our military parade blue, APEC blue, it actually proves that to improve air quality, it is necessary to reduce pollutant emissions by about 50%." Hao Jiming stressed that the current pollutant emission reduction has entered the critical period and deep water area. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides have been reduced by the previous paragraph, and it has been easily reduced. It is possible to further reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
Beijing Drop
Beijing PM2.5 concentration dropped by 15% in 5 years
At the beginning of this month, the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee of Beijing Municipality reviewed and approved the “Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Level of Ecological Civilization and Promoting the Construction of a World-Class Harmonious and Livable Capital”. According to the "Opinions", by 2020, the total coal consumption of the city will be reduced to less than 9 million tons, and the average annual concentration of PM2.5 will be reduced by about 15% compared with 2015.
According to the report, in 2014, the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing was 85.9 μg/m3, which was 4% lower than that in 2013 (89.5 μg/m3), which was slightly different from the 5% annual target, but in 2015, Beijing The city is still under pressure and continues to set the PM2.5 annual reduction target at 5%. On this basis, the "Opinions" proposed that by 2020, the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing will be about 15% lower than that in 2015.
In order to promote the realization of this goal, the "Opinions" provide a series of comprehensive measures to ensure that the clean air action plan will be fully implemented in the next five years, with a focus on the overall management of PM2.5 and ozone, and continue to promote fuel-efficient control, Reduce coal burning, pollution control, clean and dust reduction, gradually eliminate heavy polluted weather, and achieve continuous improvement of air quality.
According to the requirements of the "Opinions", in terms of fuel control and fuel economy, the city will strictly control the increment of motor vehicles and implement the sixth phase of motor vehicle pollutant discharge standards and oil standards. According to the previous announcement by the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Beijing will take the lead in implementing the sixth phase of motor vehicle pollutant emission standards and oil standards in China on December 1, 2017. In addition, the "Opinions" proposes to reduce the use of motor vehicles through legal and economic means, and basically realize the use of new energy or low-emission vehicles for public transportation vehicles in the city.
In terms of reducing coal combustion, the "Opinions" proposes that the inferior loose coal will be strictly eliminated, and the low-nitrogen transformation of gas and coal-fired facilities will be completed. In 2020, the total coal consumption will be reduced to less than 9 million tons. It is understood that in recent years, Beijing has been “unprecedented” in reducing coal combustion. In 2012, Beijing’s total coal consumption was 22.7 million tons. By this year, Beijing’s total coal consumption has been reduced to 12 million tons. Beijing In less than three years, nearly half of the total coal consumption in the city was reduced, so that the city's clean energy utilization rate reached 85%, basically achieving no coal in the core area.
In terms of pollution control and emission reduction, the "Opinions" proposes to carry out in-depth management of volatile organic compounds in key industries such as petrochemicals, packaging and printing, and carry out special treatments for low-level non-point source pollution such as catering fumes and open-air barbecues; in addition, in terms of clean and dust reduction, The "Opinions" proposed to build an information monitoring system, strictly control construction, road dust pollution, and prevent open burning of straw, garbage, vegetation, and garden waste.

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