The development of the thermoelectric industry can be said to follow the pace of reform and opening up. Since the rise of the thermoelectric power in the 1980s, more than 30 years have passed. In recent years, by the impact of energy and environmental factors, the thermoelectric industry is facing a reshuffle. In the face of this crossroads, where is the thermoelectric road in our country? The author will discuss from a technical point of view, the next ten years, the development direction of China's thermoelectric.

At present, the examination and approval of cogeneration units are basically units with high temperature and high pressure and sub-high temperature and sub-high pressure units. As a transitional period, the following sets of parameters will be gradually phased out. High-parameter unit is the inevitable trend of development.

Selection of the boiler

Circulating fluidized bed boilers (CFB) will be superior to pulverized coal boilers. CFB boiler on the one hand the adaptability of coal to be much larger than the pulverized coal boilers. In the future, the supply of coal resources will be more and more tense, and the scope of options will be narrower and narrower. Especially after the government banned the small coal mines, the coal resources were controlled by large enterprises. The coal market has been changing since January 2013 On the 1st completely liberalized market-oriented, the future trend of the price curve, most likely upward. The price trend of coal, abducted the effectiveness of the thermoelectric enterprises, the use of CFB boilers, in line with the interests of power plants.

On the other hand, denitrification requirements are getting more and more strict, there are two ways to denitrification, namely SNCR and SCR. Which SNCR is denitrification agents, injected directly into the furnace, low investment, simple operation. However, if the pulverized coal boiler is used, the residence time of the medicament in the furnace is short and the flue gas temperature can not satisfy the SNCR denitrification. Therefore, the denitrification effect is poor, and only a huge investment in SCR technology can be used. In view of this, in the thermoelectric industry, CFB boilers will likely stand out in the next 10 years. Of course, gas-fired boilers will also have a place in the region where environmental protection requirements are particularly stringent as the gas pipeline system becomes more sophisticated.

Turbine unit selection

In the future, there will be coexistence of cogeneration of large thermal power units and small back-pressure units. With the continuous improvement and maturity of steam heating pipe technology, the steam radius will be larger and larger. At present, some of them have even reached 30 km. It is foreseeable that in a region of 60 kilometers in diameter, only one thermal power plant will emerge and "big fish eat small fish" will emerge.

Before six or seven years ago, almost 300,000 and 600,000 kilowatts of thermal power units, no one thought of cogeneration to heat, will heat the area wasted to a small thermal power plant. However, with the continuous rise of the coal price, the pure power generation of a 300,000-kilowatt unit is certainly losing money, and at this time, it is recognized that it is necessary to adopt heat supply and reduce the production cost. Of course, there is a price to take back the lost heating market.

In addition, the use of backpressure units has become the consensus for phasing out condensing units in a true CHP plant. The future of back-pressure unit with a reactionary high-efficiency steam turbine, will become a trend. Reaction-type high-efficiency steam turbine, compared to the impulse turbine, its small size, low fuel consumption, good stability. Thermoelectric turbine unit selection, in addition to back-pressure unit, almost no other options.

Dust removal, desulfurization, the choice of denitrification

ESP and bag dust removal is the mainstream of the duster in the thermoelectric industry. At present, due to the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the simple electrostatic precipitator is difficult to adapt to environmental emission targets and will gradually withdraw from the historic stage of power plant boiler dust removal. The future trend of development will be electric bag dust removal, that is, the combination of electric dust removal and bag dust removal. Although it is still not mature after examining many dust remover manufacturers, it will also become a development trend.

Desulfurization is currently the most mature or wet desulfurization, the mainstream is limestone gypsum desulfurization. The author believes that the semi-dry desulfurization, ammonia desulfurization, alkali desulfurization, etc., are not mature desulfurization process, it is difficult to meet the current environmental requirements, especially in 2015 to remove the flue gas desulfurization bypass, the desulfurization of such processes From the point of view of continuous operation, failure rate and adaptability to coal quality, there are still some problems that will increase the probability of host shutdown. Although the investment is larger than the other processes mentioned above, the running cost may be high. However, the limestone gypsum wet desulfurization method is still a process capable of truly meeting the current environmental requirements.

The author believes that the future direction of desulfurization is magnesium desulfurization. The basic principle of magnesium desulfurization and limestone gypsum desulfurization similar, but the investment cost is low, the low rate of electricity plant, the failure rate is very low, in Europe and the United States, Japan, Taiwan and other countries and regions, magnesium desulphurization is the mainstream. However, the promotion of magnesium desulfurization, mainly by the geographic limitations of raw materials of magnesium oxide, at present, only Hebei, Shandong and other producing areas. However, with the environmental protection more stringent, eliminating the bypass flue gas desulfurization, desulfurization operation safety, reliability will be greater than the economy, magnesium desulphurization desulfurization will become the main force.

In terms of denitration, SNCR is a selective non-catalytic reduction method, that is, the desulfurization agent, ammonia or urea directly injected into the furnace, the use of flue gas temperature, selective reduction of NO? To nitrogen and water, low investment. However, due to the harsh reaction conditions, the need for 927 to 1093 degrees, so denitrification efficiency is low, generally below 40%. In the denitrification environmental protection is not very stringent requirements, as a transition, but also a good choice. To truly achieve denitrification to meet the environmental emissions targets, we must adopt SCR. Compared with the SNCR, SCR has a more catalytic agent, denitrification efficiency can be more than 80%, but its huge investment, high operating costs. Future desulfurization, SNCR and SCR can be combined with the process, according to the corresponding ammonia emission targets, to be flexible and reduce costs.

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