Soil moisture refers to the moisture contained in the soil. Some of the soil moisture is absorbed and utilized by crops to provide the moisture needed for crop growth. Soil moisture is the most important component of soil, accounting for a large proportion of the soil. Soil moisture is also a catalyst for soil formation and development. The quality of soil is directly related to the amount of water content. Soil moisture is a thin mixture, not pure water, which can be measured by placing the soil sample in a volume of water released from the soil pores at 105°C to 110°C.

Soil moisture can be divided into the following four types: hygroscopic water, membrane water, capillary water, and gravity water.

Three methods of soil moisture content are expressed: mass water content θ=(W1-W2)/W2*100%; volumetric water content θv=θm*ρ; soil relative water content=soil moisture content/field water holding capacity.

Figure soil moisture content of different soils

The use of soil moisture characteristics:

1. Using the soil moisture characteristic curve, the conversion between soil water suction and moisture content can be performed.

2. The soil water characteristic curve can indirectly reflect the distribution of soil pore size.

3. The soil water characteristic curve can show the water holding capacity of different texture soils and the effectiveness of soil moisture.

Soil moisture needs to maintain a certain amount. Inadequacy or excess has a huge impact on crops. So how to preserve and regulate soil moisture? In autumn tillage and cultivator, we should master the content of soil moisture. Under normal circumstances, there will be soil water shortage. At this time, we can use film cover or straw cover method to reduce the evaporation of water, while using sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation and Percolation and other irrigation methods are used to regulate soil moisture and keep it at a suitable amount for crop growth.

Today, there are many instruments on the market that can measure soil moisture, and there are many measurement methods. Corresponding instruments include soil moisture analyzer, timed soil moisture analyzer (with gps), soil moisture detector, etc., and laboratory methods for determining soil moisture include neutron method, weighing method, resistance method, microwave method, and nuclear magnetic method. Resonance method and so on. Specifically, we can search the Internet to find out the corresponding information for further understanding.

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