Precision agriculture has emerged with the continuous development of information technology. Its core is the ability to obtain real-time information on the soil or crops in each plot in the farmland, and to determine the factors affecting the quality and quantity of crops in time and space, so that they can be targeted. Each block is used for irrigation, fertilization, spraying of pesticides and harvesting to achieve precise cultivation, precise fertilization, precise irrigation, and precise harvesting. The GPS area measuring instrument can accurately measure the area of ​​farmland and has a general overview of the development of precision agriculture.

Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used in agricultural mechanization navigation and field positioning and area measurement. It has completely changed the traditional way of farmland operations, improved the performance of agricultural machinery, improved agricultural productivity, and used resources for scientific purposes. Production, reducing costs, and reducing environmental pollution brought about by agricultural activities have laid a foundation for the transformation of China's agricultural modernization from extensive to sophisticated agriculture. The main problems in the implementation of precision agriculture lie in the quality (density, speed, accuracy) and cost of farmland information acquisition. The traditional measurement of GPS farmland area achieves static measurement. After the geographic information of the field block is acquired, it is calculated by mathematical methods and it is difficult to achieve real-time collection of work area in agricultural machinery operations.

In traditional GPS area calculations, projection methods are generally used to convert latitude and longitude information into Gauss-Krueger projections into plane coordinates, and then the field area is calculated through complex mathematical operations. Due to the overcomplicated calculation formula of the projection method and the fact that the earth is irregularly elliptical, the calculated data has a large error, and the traditional measurement method is only suitable for static measurement and it is difficult to satisfy the dynamic measurement. During the course of the study, the test data of farmland in the area of ​​nearly 50km2 was used to test and found that at the same longitude or the same latitude, the actual unit distance of any two points is approximately equal.

In the conversion of longitude and latitude and actual distance, the distance between any two points can be calculated by the product of the difference between the latitude and longitude unit distance and the actual distance between latitude and longitude between two points. Therefore, the traditional Latitude-Krüger projection conversion area measurement method can be simplified, and only the distance between two points and the width of agricultural machinery can be used to approximate the measurement area. The actual area of ​​cultivated land is mostly within 1km2, and the radius of the earth is minimal. The experimentally verified errors caused by the measurement simplification are completely negligible. The application of GPS area measuring instrument is even more advantageous.

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