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At present, China's new energy vehicle market continues to expand, and the power battery as the "heart" of new energy vehicles is standing at the cusp. The reporter visited some battery companies and found that China's power battery R & D and manufacturing capacity has been greatly improved. Some domestic power batteries are quite competitive in terms of energy density, cycle life and safety performance, but they still cannot surpass Japan's Panasonic, South Korea's Samsung and other international top. Battery brand.
Whether the power battery industry can develop healthily will directly affect whether the strategic goal of China's new energy vehicle industry development can be achieved. At present, China's power batteries have diversified technical routes, non-uniform standards and processes, and insufficient levels of intelligent manufacturing. Industry insiders pointed out that in the critical period for countries to accelerate the layout of the power battery industry, China must accelerate the construction of standardization systems and help power batteries to seize advantages.
The core technology has become a "group wolf"
Mastering the most advanced power battery technology, you will master the future of new energy vehicles. After nearly a decade of silence, China's new energy vehicle power battery industry has entered a period of rapid development, and a number of leading companies have emerged. They have made breakthroughs in the core technology of power batteries and have a strong international market competitiveness.
In terms of production capacity and sales volume, China's power battery has shown the trend of “wolves in the international marketâ€. According to statistics, in the global sales ranking of power battery companies in 2016, seven Chinese companies including BYD, CATL, Waterma and Guoxuan Hi-Tech entered the top ten. China's lithium battery sales account for more than half of the world's, and more importantly, according to the current development rate of China's lithium battery industry, China's share of the world will continue to rise.
Some experts estimate that the demand for power batteries in China will increase to 31Gwh in 2017, and the demand for power batteries will reach 125Gwh by 2020. “The biggest difficulty for us now is that the production capacity is not enough.†Jiang Junwei, executive vice president of the Energy Research Institute, said that in 2016, the company’s power battery packs exceeded 10,000 sets, and in the first quarter of 2017, it exceeded 10,000 sets. Shipments ranked first in the country. The output value of Far East Fortune New Energy Co., Ltd., located in Yichun City, Lido, Jiangxi, has surged from 5 million yuan in 2010 to 1.5 billion yuan. It is estimated that its output value will reach 3 billion yuan in 2018.
From the perspective of core technology, domestic power batteries have continuously broken through in the segmentation field and reached the international leading level.
Dr. Wang Wei, Chairman of the company, is an expert in the National “Thousand Talents Program†and led a team in the United States to develop lithium batteries. In 2009, he returned to China with the most advanced lithium battery technology in Silicon Valley in the United States. The energy density of the ternary lithium battery pack developed by his team has exceeded the Panasonic battery used by Tesla. The company currently cooperates with top international car companies such as Mercedes-Benz and BMW. In 2016, with the cooperation of Fueng Technology and Beiqi, the mileage of Beiqi New Energy Vehicle exceeded 300 kilometers for the first time and will increase to 550 kilometers by 2018.
Dibike, a battery company located in Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province, is currently working overtime to produce ternary lithium batteries, and jointly develops graphene lithium titanate batteries with the US company. The power battery can be fully charged in 6 minutes, and the cycle charge and discharge can reach 20,000 times. Because of the low voltage, its safety is higher than that of the ternary lithium battery and the lithium iron phosphate battery. Enterprise R & D personnel told reporters that once the graphene lithium titanate battery overcomes the problem of low energy density, it will gain great market application prospects.
In addition, researchers around the world are on the road to commercializing solid-state batteries, and many domestic battery companies have begun or will soon mass-produce solid-state batteries. The all-solid lithium battery has extremely high safety. Its solid electrolyte is non-flammable, non-corrosive, non-volatile, and liquid-free, and it also overcomes the phenomenon of lithium dendrite. The self-ignition probability of a car equipped with an all-solid lithium battery will greatly reduce Jiang Junwei. Introduction, the current ternary lithium battery is still the international mainstream, although China started late on this technical route, but has mastered the core technology, coupled with the largest application market, will become more mature in the next three to five years. He believes that regardless of the technical route, the direction of power battery capture is high energy density, fast charge, excellent cycle and safety and low cost. Enterprises will choose different technical routes according to market positioning needs, find a balance point in technology, and maximize industrialization.
Intelligent manufacturing measures corporate competitiveness
Regardless of how capital is speculated, the manufacturing attributes of the battery industry will not change, and the quality of batteries still depends on innovative technologies, manufacturing processes and manufacturing levels. The gap between high-end domestic batteries and Japanese Panasonic and South Korean Samsung batteries is mainly reflected in the consistency between batteries. Intelligent manufacturing is the future trend of battery production. It is an important way for enterprises to improve battery quality and occupy the market. The level of intelligent manufacturing in China still needs to be improved.
The overall performance of the battery pack follows the "short board effect" and is determined by one of the worst performing batteries. Panasonic and Samsung's batteries can do a batch of batteries, each performance is almost exactly the same. To solve the problem of power battery consistency, the most important thing is to improve the intelligence level of the equipment and ensure the consistency of the battery at each manufacturing node.
Dibike uses both domestic and Korean equipment, and they find that there is a gap between the production efficiency and failure rate of domestic equipment and imported equipment. Far East Foster uses all imported equipment from South Korea. Assistant President Liao Zhenggen told reporters that the automation of domestically produced equipment can basically meet the requirements, but it is difficult to get through the equipment because the ports of each equipment are different. "The money invested in smart devices in the field of power batteries has basically been earned by Koreans!" Liao Zhenggen said.
According to industry experts, there are many reasons for this phenomenon. First of all, equipment manufacturers lack capital and technology, and have no ability to upgrade and renovate. Domestic battery manufacturers purchase equipment is basically a temporary hug. They don’t invest in R&D in advance. When capacity cannot meet the demand for orders, it is urgent to purchase equipment when expanding production scale. Therefore, basic There is no time to work with equipment manufacturers to develop a production line that suits them. Secondly, battery manufacturers lack the overall design staff, and they are worried that the production process will tell manufacturers that they will disclose trade secrets. They are not willing to listen to the manufacturer's advice, usually only for the scope of equipment. Rarely mention the connection requirements between devices, and equipment manufacturers do not have the initiative to develop, so they are not willing to invest too much in the development of new technologies.
Under the premise of market-driven, how to improve product quality and how to reduce costs will become an issue that enterprises need to consider. Battery technology, one of the core technologies of new energy vehicles, also faces this challenge. As the country's requirements for power batteries increase, some power battery manufacturers will be forced to withdraw from the historical arena. In the face of increasingly harsh competitive environment, technological innovation promotes enterprise development, and winning market opportunities will be the only way for power battery companies.
However, Fueng Technology insists on using domestic equipment. Together with the leading robot manufacturer in China, Xinsong Robotics Co., Ltd., they designed a power battery intelligent equipment production line and provided key technologies to effectively solve the connection problem between devices. Reducing manufacturing costs by applying domestically produced equipment has become one of the core competencies of this company.
Recently, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology introduced the work of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on the next development of the power battery at the 2017 Annual Conference of the China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance. It mentioned that it should provide support for new energy vehicles and accelerate the improvement of power battery equipment. Development and manufacturing levels to accelerate the development of large-scale intelligent manufacturing technologies and equipment. It is foreseeable that the improvement of intelligent manufacturing capabilities will be one of the next major strengths for power battery manufacturers. Quality control level is the key
The power battery industry lacks the strength and courage of “Haier ç ¸ refrigeratorâ€. Far East Foster and Samsung use the smart devices produced by the same Korean company, but the product consistency still has a gap with Samsung's products. Dibike, who also uses Korean smart devices, faces similar problems.
"The stability of battery quality depends not only on the level of intelligence of manufacturing equipment, but also on the level of quality control." Jiang Guolong, general manager of Dibike's cylindrical battery industry department, worked for a Korean energy company. He analyzed Samsung. The production line produces about 300,000 batteries a day, and all the batteries produced in the commissioning period of more than ten days are scrapped. According to the calculation of 10 yuan for a battery, several production lines will lose more than 100 million yuan during commissioning. Panasonic also maintains a very high product scrap rate, and the risk of the product must be scrapped.
"They have huge subsidies from the state, and we can't afford to change them." Many battery companies are convinced that investors and local governments are eager to see corporate profits, compared to Samsung and Panasonic's power batteries. Level subsidies, they do not have the strength and courage to refer to the Japanese and Korean models, to implement the most stringent quality control.
At present, the “news†of the new energy vehicle market is prevalent, and low-quality competition appears. In 2016, China's new energy vehicles have an annual output of 517,000 vehicles, but by the end of 2016, China's power battery capacity has reached 120Gwh, which can meet the demand of 2 million new energy vehicles. At the end of 2016, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed the 8Gwh benchmarking capacity recommendation standard, aiming to guide the dominant enterprises to become bigger and stronger and suppress low-end production capacity with high standards, but was misunderstood as the production capacity threshold.
In 2016, only the Ningde era and BYD reached this standard. Nowadays, the production capacity of a large number of enterprises is more than 8Gwh. If the capacity expansion plan can be achieved, China's power battery capacity will exceed 170Gwh. “Without core technology, it is to burn money everywhere to dig people and import equipment.†Liu Nianfeng, general manager of Jiangling New Energy Automobile Co., observed that compared with the degree of expansion of power battery capacity, the overall R&D investment is obviously insufficient.
In the first half of 2017, the profit of many power battery companies including Polyfluoride, Guoxuan Hi-Tech and BYD declined. In addition to the impact of new energy subsidy policies and product upgrades, the new energy sector is low. Problems such as overcapacity and insufficient high-end supply are beginning to emerge. The 2017 mid-year report showed that Guoxuan Hi-Tech's profit fell by 16.6%; multi-fluorinated profits fell by 39.69%; BYD's profit fell by 23.75%.
"We have put the cost of the ternary battery to the point where it can no longer be pressed. It is almost a turnover. The major domestic enterprises are making money." Liao Zhenggen said that the expansion of low-quality production capacity is likely to lead to mutual price competition within the industry. Fighting, let the power battery become the next photovoltaic industry. â–¡ Reporter Wu Yuyong just reported in Nanchang
Power battery into the next air outlet of new energy vehicle
Still need to cross the "consistency" barrier